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Joel Schumacher
Joel T. Schumacher (born August 29, 1939) is an American film director, screenwriter, and producer.
Some notable films he has directed include ''The Incredible Shrinking Woman'' (1981), ''St. Elmo's Fire'' (1985), ''The Lost Boys'' (1987), ''Cousins'' (1989), ''Falling Down'' (1993), ''The Client'' (1994), ''Batman Forever'' (1995), ''A Time to Kill'' (1996), ''Batman & Robin'' (1997), ''Flawless'' (1999), ''Phone Booth'' (2003), ''Veronica Guerin'' (2003), ''The Phantom of the Opera'' (2004) and ''The Number 23'' (2007). Before he launched his career as a director, Schumacher also wrote the screenplay adaptation of ''The Wiz'' (1978).
==Early life==
Schumacher was born in New York City, the son of Marian (''née'' Kantor) and Francis Schumacher.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Joel Schumacher Biography (1939-) )〕 His mother was a Swedish Jew, and his father was a Baptist from Knoxville, Tennessee, who died when Joel was four years old. Schumacher studied at Parsons The New School for Design and The Fashion Institute of Technology in New York.〔(Joel Schumacher Biography at Yahoo! Movies )〕 After first working in the fashion industry, he realized his true love was in filmmaking. He moved out to Los Angeles, where he began his media work as a costume designer in films such as Woody Allen's ''Sleeper'' and ''Interiors'' and developed his skills with television work while earning an MFA from UCLA.
Schumacher's first screenplay was for the musical drama ''Sparkle'' in 1976, which Schumacher had developed with Howard Rosenman before moving to Los Angeles. He also wrote the screenplays for the 1976 low-budget hit movie ''Car Wash'', 1978's ''The Wiz'' - an adaptation of the stage play of the same name - and a number of other minor successes. His film directorial debut was ''The Incredible Shrinking Woman'' in 1981, which starred Lily Tomlin.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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